The adjusted prevalence of migraine is highest in North America, followed by South America, Central America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Among children, it tends to happen more in girls than boys. Migraine is highly prevalent, affecting 12% of the population, attacking up to 17% of women and 6% of men yearly. Some are probable contributing factors, while others are only possible or unproven. A retrospective study found that 76% of the patients reported triggers. Withdrawn or exposure to several factors contribute to the development of migraine headaches. Hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke Hereditary infantile hemiparesis, retinal arteriolar tortuosity, and leukoencephalopathy Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy is angiopathy by C-terminal frame-shift mutations in TREX1 (three prime repair exonuclease 1) presents almost 60% of the cases. Ĭerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy) angiopathy by autosomal dominant inheritance, caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene (notch receptor 3) on chromosome 19 that can present migraine with aura (prodrome in 80%) in nearly 50% of carriers. It is a syndrome of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes, a multisystemic disorder by maternal inheritance that can present recurrent migraine headaches. Mutations in the SLC4A4 (solute carrier family four member 4) gene have also been associated with familial forms of migraine.
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